p. −
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), 2.1( 15S1)"> , 3.5( 15S2) "> , and 5.7( 15S3) "> dS. 15m-1"> . Nitrogen deficiency treatments were 100% ( 15F0"> ), 75% ( 15F1"> ), 50% ( 15F2"> ), and 25% ( 15F3"> ) of nitrogen fertilizer requirement based on soil testing. The treatments were carried out in three replications and in plots with area of 9 m2. In different treatments, evapotranspiration of maize was between 220 to 349 mm and dry matter yield between 9.4 to 15.2 ton.ha-1. With increase in the salinity levels in , , , and treatments, the slopes of yield function were estimated as 0.2, 0.207, 0.218, and 0.231, respectively. Also, with reduction of nitrogen at salinity levels of , , and , the slopes were estimated as 0.175, 0.182, 0.194 and 0.221, respectively. The results showed that, with increasing stresses, yield of maize decreased more than evapotranspiration. The coefficient of was calculated using the Doorenbos-Kassam relationship. With reduction of nitrogen at salinity levels of , , and , values of coefficient were estimated as 1.01, 1.048, 1.119, and 1.272, respectively. Also, with increase in the salinity at nitrogen levels of , , and , Ky values were estimated as 1.15, 1.19, 1.258, and 1.328, respectively. On the average, Ky was calculated as 1.27. Under the highest stress 15 S3F3"> , water and nitrogen use efficiency decreased by: 38% and 34.5%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (S0F0). The results showed that the water requirement and yield of maize under the mentioned stresses were less than the region’s potential. Under these conditions, by supplying soil nitrogen and reducing water use, water resources will be used optimally and yield will increase.]]>
p. 351−366
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p. 367−382
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p. 383−394
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0.97). According to the results, NDVI is a good estimator for rice Kc. In addition, Rice Growth Vegetation Index (RGVI) in all growing stages had a correlation coefficient r>0.93. RGVI is considered as a good estimator of LAI. Approximately at all growing stages, except heading, more than 93% of LAI changes were predicted by RGVI. Generally, it can be concluded that the most suitable indices for estimating Kc and LAI of rice are NDVI and RGVI, respectively. ]]>
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p. 405−415
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p. 417−427
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p. 429−439
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p. 441−457
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p. 459−471
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Zn > Cu > Cd. Fe had the highest and Cd had the lowest accumulation in plants. The concentration of Cu and Fe in the shoot and root of spinach, fenugreek, and dill was higher than the WHO standard. The contents of Zn and Mn in the shoot and root of spinach, fenugreek, and dill were below the permissible limit of some standards, but more than the other standards. The amount of Cd in the shoot and root of the examined vegetables was higher than the permissible limit of all standards. ]]>
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